VoIP Reference - Updated May 15, 2026 - 8 min read

SIP Response Codes - Plain-English Guide

SIP response codes are three-digit status messages used during VoIP call setup and teardown. 1xx means the call is still processing, 2xx means success, 3xx means redirection, 4xx usually points to caller-side or configuration issues, 5xx points to server-side failures, and 6xx means a global call failure.

Use this SIP status code reference while reading VoIP call traces, SIP trunking logs, PBX errors, SBC output, or provider failure reports.

The table groups every code by response class so support teams can move from an error number to the likely troubleshooting path quickly.

  • 1xx: Informational - The call request is still being processed. Nothing has finally succeeded or failed yet.
  • 2xx: Success - The request was accepted or completed successfully.
  • 3xx: Redirection - The request should be sent somewhere else.
  • 4xx: Client Errors - The request failed because of caller-side input, authentication, routing, addressing, permission, or media negotiation.
  • 5xx: Server Errors - The request reached a server, but the server or upstream path failed.
  • 6xx: Global Failures - The call failed globally, so retrying another branch usually will not help.

How to read SIP response codes

Start with the first digit. It tells you whether the call is still processing, succeeded, redirected, failed due to the request, failed on a server, or failed globally.

  • 1xx Informational: Use 1xx responses to understand call setup progress before the final answer, failure, or redirect arrives.
  • 2xx Success: A 2xx response usually means the SIP action worked. For calls, 200 OK is the final success response.
  • 3xx Redirection: Check the Contact header, routing policy, proxy behavior, and whether the redirected destination is trusted.
  • 4xx Client Errors: Start with the dialed address, authentication credentials, registration state, caller ID rules, codecs, and expiry timers.
  • 5xx Server Errors: Check provider status, SBC or proxy health, upstream timeout logs, failover routing, and overload controls.
  • 6xx Global Failures: Treat 6xx responses as decisive call failures. Review user rejection, spam policy, identity rules, or global media compatibility.

Common troubleshooting paths

  • 4xx responses: inspect the dialed number, authentication, caller ID policy, registration, codecs, and tenant configuration.
  • 5xx responses: inspect provider status, proxy health, SBC logs, upstream timeouts, failover routing, and overload controls.
  • 6xx responses: review user rejection, spam policy, identity rules, or global media compatibility before retrying another route.

Direct answer

SIP response codes are three-digit status messages used during VoIP call setup and teardown. 1xx means the call is still processing, 2xx means success, 3xx means redirection, 4xx usually points to caller-side or configuration issues, 5xx points to server-side failures, and 6xx means a global call failure.

Common SIP response code answers

  • What does SIP 100 Trying mean? SIP 100 Trying means the server received the request and is working on it. It is an informational response, not a final answer.
  • What does SIP 180 Ringing mean? SIP 180 Ringing means the destination endpoint is being alerted and the callee's phone is ringing.
  • What does SIP 183 Session Progress mean? SIP 183 Session Progress means call setup is progressing and early media, such as ringback or announcements, may be available.
  • What does SIP 480 Temporarily Unavailable mean? SIP 480 Temporarily Unavailable means the destination exists but cannot take the call right now.
  • What does SIP 486 Busy Here mean? SIP 486 Busy Here means the destination was reached but the user or endpoint is currently busy.
  • What does SIP 487 Request Terminated mean? SIP 487 Request Terminated means the request was canceled before it completed, often because the caller hung up or a CANCEL was sent.
  • What does SIP 488 Not Acceptable Here mean? SIP 488 Not Acceptable Here usually means the endpoint rejected the proposed media, codec, or session parameters.
  • What does SIP 503 Service Unavailable mean? SIP 503 Service Unavailable means the SIP service, proxy, gateway, or upstream provider is down, overloaded, or temporarily unable to handle the request.
  • What does SIP 603 Decline mean? SIP 603 Decline means the callee or destination rejected the call globally, so another branch is unlikely to answer.

1xx SIP Response Codes

1xx = Informational. The call request is still being processed. Nothing has finally succeeded or failed yet.

Use 1xx responses to understand call setup progress before the final answer, failure, or redirect arrives.

Code Meaning Plain English
100 Trying Working on it.
180 Ringing The person's phone is ringing.
181 Call Is Being Forwarded The call is being forwarded elsewhere.
182 Queued The call is waiting in line.
183 Session Progress Call setup is progressing.
199 Early Dialog Terminated The setup process stopped.

2xx SIP Response Codes

2xx = Success. The request was accepted or completed successfully.

A 2xx response usually means the SIP action worked. For calls, 200 OK is the final success response.

Code Meaning Plain English
200 OK Everything worked.
202 Accepted We got it and will process it.
204 No Notification Request succeeded silently.

3xx SIP Response Codes

3xx = Redirection. The request should be sent somewhere else.

Check the Contact header, routing policy, proxy behavior, and whether the redirected destination is trusted.

Code Meaning Plain English
300 Multiple Choices More than one place can answer.
301 Moved Permanently This number/user moved permanently.
302 Moved Temporarily Temporarily redirected.
305 Use Proxy You must route through another server.
380 Alternative Service Use another service instead.

4xx SIP Response Codes

4xx = Client Errors. The request failed because of caller-side input, authentication, routing, addressing, permission, or media negotiation.

Start with the dialed address, authentication credentials, registration state, caller ID rules, codecs, and expiry timers.

Code Meaning Plain English
400 Bad Request The request was broken.
401 Unauthorized Login required.
402 Payment Required Payment needed.
403 Forbidden You're not allowed.
404 Not Found Destination doesn't exist.
405 Method Not Allowed That action isn't allowed.
406 Not Acceptable The system can't handle this format.
407 Proxy Authentication Required Authenticate with the proxy.
408 Request Timeout The other side didn't answer in time.
409 Conflict This request conflicts with current state.
410 Gone This destination no longer exists.
411 Length Required A required size field is missing.
413 Request Entity Too Large The request is too big.
414 Request URI Too Long The SIP address is too long.
415 Unsupported Media Type Codec or media type not supported.
416 Unsupported URI Scheme Unsupported address format.
417 Unknown Resource Priority Unknown priority setting.
420 Bad Extension Feature not supported.
421 Extension Required A required SIP feature is missing.
422 Session Interval Too Small Session refresh interval is too short.
423 Interval Too Brief The timeout value is too small.
424 Bad Location Information Location info is incorrect.
428 Use Identity Header Identity verification required.
429 Provide Referrer Identity Need referral identity.
430 Flow Failed The network connection failed.
433 Anonymity Disallowed Anonymous calling not allowed.
436 Bad Identity Info Caller identity information failed.
437 Unsupported Certificate Certificate isn't supported.
438 Invalid Identity Header Identity check failed.
439 First Hop Lacks Outbound Support First server doesn't support outbound.
440 Max-Breadth Exceeded Too many routing paths.
469 Bad Info Package Unsupported INFO message type.
470 Consent Needed User permission required.
480 Temporarily Unavailable The person can't take the call right now.
481 Call/Transaction Does Not Exist That call session doesn't exist.
482 Loop Detected The call is stuck looping.
483 Too Many Hops The call bounced too many times.
484 Address Incomplete The phone number is incomplete.
485 Ambiguous The destination is unclear.
486 Busy Here The person is busy.
487 Request Terminated The call was canceled.
488 Not Acceptable Here Media or codec not acceptable.
489 Bad Event Unsupported subscription/event.
491 Request Pending Wait until current request finishes.
493 Undecipherable The message couldn't be decrypted.
494 Security Agreement Required A security agreement is needed.

5xx SIP Response Codes

5xx = Server Errors. The request reached a server, but the server or upstream path failed.

Check provider status, SBC or proxy health, upstream timeout logs, failover routing, and overload controls.

Code Meaning Plain English
500 Server Internal Error Something broke on the server.
501 Not Implemented The server doesn't support this.
502 Bad Gateway Another server failed.
503 Service Unavailable The service is unavailable.
504 Server Time-out Another server took too long.
505 Version Not Supported Wrong SIP version.
513 Message Too Large The SIP message is too big.
555 Push Notification Service Not Supported Push notifications unsupported.
580 Precondition Failure Required setup conditions failed.

6xx SIP Response Codes

6xx = Global Failures. The call failed globally, so retrying another branch usually will not help.

Treat 6xx responses as decisive call failures. Review user rejection, spam policy, identity rules, or global media compatibility.

Code Meaning Plain English
600 Busy Everywhere The person is busy on all devices.
603 Decline The person rejected the call.
604 Does Not Exist Anywhere That number/user doesn't exist anywhere.
606 Not Acceptable No compatible media found.
607 Unwanted The call was marked as spam/unwanted.
608 Rejected The call was blocked everywhere.

SIP response code FAQ

  • What are SIP response codes?

    SIP response codes are three-digit status messages used by SIP servers, proxies, and endpoints during VoIP call setup, routing, authentication, media negotiation, and call teardown.

  • How do you read SIP response code classes?

    Read the first digit first: 1xx is informational, 2xx is success, 3xx is redirection, 4xx is usually a client-side or configuration problem, 5xx is a server-side failure, and 6xx is a global failure.

  • Is SIP 486 Busy Here a network failure?

    No. SIP 486 Busy Here normally means the destination endpoint was reached, but the user is busy. It is different from server failures like 503 or routing failures like 404.

  • What is the difference between SIP 480 and SIP 486?

    SIP 480 Temporarily Unavailable means the destination cannot take the call right now. SIP 486 Busy Here is more specific: the destination is available enough to respond, but the user or device is busy.

  • What SIP code usually means a codec mismatch?

    SIP 488 Not Acceptable Here commonly points to media negotiation failure, such as no compatible codec, unsupported SDP, or unacceptable media settings.

  • Should you retry a call after SIP 503 Service Unavailable?

    Usually yes, but with backoff or failover routing. SIP 503 often means a temporary server, gateway, or provider-side availability issue rather than a permanent destination problem.

  • What is the difference between SIP 4xx, 5xx, and 6xx errors?

    4xx errors usually point to the request, caller, destination, authentication, or media setup. 5xx errors point to a server or upstream provider. 6xx errors are global failures that usually stop further routing attempts.